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Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France; July 2002; v. 173; no. 4; p. 359-367; DOI: 10.2113/173.4.359
© 2002 Societe Geologique de France
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The landslide and local tsunami of 13 September 1999 on Fatu Hiva (Marquesas Islands; French Polynesia)

Emile A. Okal1, Gerard J. Fryer2, José C. Borrero3 and Christophe Ruscher3

1 Department of Geological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
2 Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
3 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.

Abstract

On 13 September 1999, a local tsunami, comprising two waves separated by a few minutes, hit the village of Omoa, on the island of Fatu Hiva, French Polynesia. It inflicted serious damages to structures built close to the seashore, in particular to the local elementary school. The tsunami was generated by the collapse of a basaltic cliff, located 3 km to the southeast of Omoa, along the coastline. The volume of the landslide is estimated to range from 2 to 5 million m3, of which 60 % fell into the sea. A preliminary simulation of the tsunami provides an acceptable explanation of wave amplitudes, as well as an estimate of the origin time of landslide.

Key Words: Tsunami • Landslide • French Polynesia • Marquesas Islands




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