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Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France; September 2004; v. 175; no. 5; p. 525-533; DOI: 10.2113/175.5.525
© 2004 Societe Geologique de France
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A new species of Hippopotamidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the Sagantole Formation, Middle Awash, Ethiopia

Jean-Renaud Boisserie1,2

1 Human Evolution Research Center, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3101 Valley Life Science Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140 USA.
2 Laboratoire de Géobiologie, Biochronologie et Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 6046, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers cedex, France.

Abstract

A new species of Hippopotamidae, Hexaprotodon dulu nov. sp., was discovered in the Middle Awash valley, Afar, Ethiopia. It was found in the Sagantole Formation, within volcaniclastic beds aged between 5.2 Ma and 4.9 Ma (40Ar/39Ar). It is therefore the oldest hippo species described as yet from Ethiopia. This hexaprotodont hippo exhibits a general morphology that is primitive, close in that respect to other Mio-Pliocene forms. However, its cranium and dentition display a distinctive association of measurements and features. This new species increases the hippo fossil record in East Africa. It also reinforces the hypothesis of hippo endemism in each African basin as early as the basal Pliocene.

Key Words: Hippopotamidae • Early Pliocene • Paleobiodiversity • East Africa • Ethiopia




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