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Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France; July 2002; v. 173; no. 4; p. 359-367; DOI: 10.2113/173.4.359
© 2002 Societe Geologique de France
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L’éboulement et le tsunami local du 13 septembre 1999 à Fatu Hiva (îles Marquises; Polynésie française)

Emile A. Okal1, Gerard J. Fryer2, José C. Borrero3 and Christophe Ruscher3

1 Department of Geological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
2 Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
3 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.

Abstract

Un tsunami local, comprenant deux vagues séparées de quelques minutes, s’est abattu le 13 septembre 1999 sur le village d’Omoa (île de Fatu Hiva, Polynésie française), infligeant de sérieuses destructions aux structures en bord de mer, et notamment à l’école communale du village. Ces vagues ont été engendrées par l’éboulement d’un pan de falaise basaltique, à 3 km au sud-est d’Omoa, le long de la côte. Le volume de l’éboulement est estimé se situer entre 2 et 5 millions de m3, dont 60 % ont pénétré en mer. Une simulation préliminaire du tsunami donne des valeurs acceptables pour l’amplitude des vagues à Omoa, et fournit une estimation de l’heure origine du phénomène.

Key Words: Tsunami • Eboulement • Polynésie française • Iles Marquises




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